NIÑA replica

When I visited the replica ship of Nina, I received a sheet of paper that gave some specifications and a little bit of history about the original and replica ships:




    NIÑA


Length Overall - 93.6 feet
Length on Deck - 66 feet
Beam - 17.3 feet
Draft - 7 feet
Sail Area - 1,919 sq. feet
Displacement - 100 tons

The original 'Niña', 'Pinta', and 'Santa Maria' used by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage across the Atlantic were common trading vessels. The 'Santa Maria', which Columbus never liked, ran aground and sank on Christmas Eve 1492 in Hispaniola (now Cape Haitien). She was a Nao, a type of cargo vessel. The 'Niña', and 'Pinta' were Caravels, and were used by explorers during the Age of Discovery. The 'Pinta' returned home and disappeared from history without a trace, but the 'Niña',; there's a woman with a past.

The 'Niña' was Columbus' favorite and for good reason. She was named 'Santa Clara' after the patron saint of Moguer. A Spanish vessel in those days had an official religious name, but was generally known by a nickname, which might be a feminine form of her master's patronymic, or of her home port. 'Santa Clara' was always called 'Niña', after her master-owner Juan Nino of Moguer. Vincente Yanez was her Captain on Columbus' First Voyage, and he later discovered the Amazon on an independent voyage.

Built in the Ribera de Monguer, an estuary now silted up, of the Rio Tinto. 'Niña' made the entire First Voyage, bringing Columbus safely home. She accompanied the grand fleet of the Second Voyage to Hispaniola and Columbus selected her out of seventeen ships for his flagship on an exploratory voyage to Cuba, and purchased a half share in her. She was the only vessel in West Indian waters to survive the hurricane of 1495, and then brought back the Admiral and 120 passengers to Spain in 1496.

She was then chartered for an unauthorized voyage to Rome, and was captured by a corsair when leaving the port of Cagliari, and brought to an anchor at Cape Pula, Sardinia, where she was stripped of her arms and crew. The Captain, Alonso Medel, escaped with a few men, stole a boat, rowed back to 'Niña', cut her cables and made sail. She returned to Cardiz in time to sail for Hispaniola early in 1498, as advance guard of Colubus' Third Voyage. She was lying in Santo Domingo in 1500, and we last heard of her making a trading voyage to the Pearl Coast in 1501. The 'Niña' logged at least 25,000 miles under Columbus' command.

In 1988, an American engineer and maritime historian, John Patrick Sarsfield, began building what was to become the first truly, historically correct replica of a 15th Century Caravel. John had discovered a group of master shipbuilders in Bahia, Brazil, who were still using design and construction techniques dating back to the 15th Century.

It was in Valencia, Brazil, using only adzes, axes, hand saws, and chisels, in addition to naturally-shaped timbers from the local forest, that the Sarsfield 'Niña' was built.

Jonathan Nance, a British maritime historian and main researcher for the project, produced a sail plan for the ship, which represents the 'Niña' as she would have appeared during the eight recorded busy years of her life following her departure from the Canary Islands in September 1492.

In December 1991, the 'Niña', left Brazil and sailed to Costa Rica on a 4000 mile unescorted maiden voyage to take part in the filming of '1492'. Since then, the ship has visited over 250 ports in the U.S. She is the only 'sailing museum' which is continually 'discovering' new ports, while giving the public an opportunity to visit one of the "greatest little ships in the world's history."